`1:` Helen Sharman was sent to the Mir space station in May 1991.

`->` Sử dụng câu bị động QKĐ (Dấu hiệu: In May 1991)

`-` Cấu trúc: `S + w as//we re + V3`

Dịch: Helen Sharman đã được gửi tới trạm vũ trụ Mir vào tháng 5 năm 1991.

`2.` A total of six US missions had landed men on the lunar surface by the end of 1972.

`->` Sử dụng thì QKHT (Dấu hiệu: By the end + Khoảng thời gian trong quá khứ)

`-` Cấu trúc: `S + h a d + V3`

`3.` Yuri Gagarin became the first person in space when he orbited the Earth in a Vostok spacecraft on April 12,1961.

`->` Sử dụng thì QKĐ (Dấu hiệu: On April 12,1961)

`-` Cấu trúc: `S+ V_(ed//P.II) + wh en +  S+ V_(ed//P.II)`

`4:` SpaceX will send three tourists on a 10-day trip to the ISS sometime in late 2025.

`->` Sử dụng thì tương lai đơn: (Dấu hiệu: in late 2025)

`-` Cấu trúc: `S + will + V_0`

`5:` While she was working last week, the astronaut realized that she needed a medium - size suit for spacewalking.

`->` Sử thì QKTD (Dấu hiệu: While, last week)

`-` Cấu trúc: `W hi l e + S_1 + was//were + V_0, S_2 + V_(ed//P.I) + th at + S_3 + V_(ed//P.I)`

`6:` Have you ever wondered what it would be like to live on the moon?

`->` Sử thì thì HTHT (Dấu hiệu: ever)

`-` Cấu trúc: `Ha v e//ha s + S + ever + V_(ed//P.II)`

`7:` In 22 years, Columbia had flown 27 space flights before disaster struck on the 28th mission

`->` Sử dụng thì QKHT (Dấu hiệu: In 22 years, before)

`-` Cấu trúc: `S_1 + h a d + V3 + be fo re + S_2 + V_(ed//P.I)`

`8:` NASA announced that it would open the International Space Station to private individuals as soon as next year.

`->` Sử dụng câu gián tiếp và thì tương lai (Dấu hiệu: announced that, next year)

Cấu trúc: `S_1 + an no u nc ed + th at + S_2 + wou ld + V_0`