Global warming is caused by increased amounts of greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide. These gases function to trap the sun's heat into the atmosphere, hence increasing temperature. Such increases in these gases in the atmosphere are also caused by human activities, such as deforestation, industries, and burning fossil fuels. Global warming poses challenges that very extremities can be quite far reaching and harsh. The melting of ice caps and glaciers means an eventual rise in the sea level and drowning of coastal communities, while extreme seasoning events such as hurricanes, droughts, and floods now seem commonplace due to global warming. Global dynamics have also changed ecosystems, promoting World Biodiversity and food insecurity.