`Answer:`

`1.` Much as I admire his courage, I think he foolish

`-` Even though + clause `=` Adj/Adv + as/though + S + V, clause: Mặc dù

`-` admire one's courage: ngưỡng mộ sự dũng cảm của ai

`-` foolish (adj): đần độn, ngu si

`2.` Contrary to what you believe, fat people aren't always jolly

`-` Contrary to + clause: trái với

`-` believe that + clause: tin rằng

`-` be wrong: hiểu lầm, sai lầm

`3.` Although Judy was severely disabled, she participated in many sports

`-` Although + clause `=` Despite + N/V_ing: mặc dù

`-` participate in sth: tham gia vào cái gì

`#TD`