`1) 4/5 + 1/5x = - 1 1/2x - 1`

`<=> 1/5x + 1 1/2x = - 1 - 4/5`

`<=> 1/5x + 3/2x = -5/5 - 4/5`

`<=> 17/10x = -9/5`

`<=> x = -9/5 : 17/10`

`<=> x = -18/17`

Vậy `x=-18/17`

`-----------`

`2) -3 1/4 - x = 1/6 + 1/3x`

`<=> -x-1/3x = 1/6 + 3 1/4`

`<=> -4/3x = 1/6 + 13/4`

`<=> -4/3x = 41/12`

`<=> x = 41/12:-4/3`

`<=> x = -41/16`

Vậy `x=-41/16`

`-------------`

`3) 5/14 - 1/4x = ((-2)/3)^2`

`<=> 5/14 - 1/4x = 4/9`

`<=> 1/4x = 5/14 - 4/9`

`<=> 1/4x = -11/126`

`<=> x = -11/126:1/4`

`<=> x=-22/63`

Vậy `x=-22/63`

`-------------`

`4) (-2)^3x - 1/4 = x + 1/6`

`<=> -8x-x=1/6+1/4`

`<=> -9x=5/12`

`<=> x = 5/12 : (-9)`

`<=> x = -5/108`

Vậy `x=-5/108`

`-------------`

`5) |1/8-2/5x| - 1 = 2/3`

`<=> |1/8-2/5x|=2/3+1`

`<=> |1/8-2/5x|=5/3`

`<=> 1/8-2/5x=5/3` hoặc `1/8-2/5x=-5/3`

`<=> 2/5x=1/8-5/3` hoặc `2/5x=1/8+5/3`

`<=> 2/5x=-37/24` hoặc `2/5x=43/24`

`<=> x=-37/24:2/5` hoặc `x=43/24:2/5`

`<=> x = -185/48` hoặc `x=215/48`

Vậy `x in {-185/48;215/48}`