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Các công thức đổi HTHT - QKĐ

Structure 1: 

S + has/have + not + V3/ed + for/since + time 

--> S + last + V2/ed 

--> The last time + S+ V2/ed + was + time 

--> It is / has been + time + since + S+ (last) + V2/ed 

Structure 2: 

S + has/have + V3/ed + for/since + time 

--> S + started / began + to V / Ving 

--> It is / has been + time + since + S+ V2/ed 

Structure 3: 

S + has/have + not/never + V3/ed + ... before

--> This/It is the first time + S+ has/have+ V3/ed

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27. She hasn't read a newspaper since May 12.

28. Jack has worked as a reporter since 2010.

29. Mary began learning English 6 years ago.

30. It's 10 years since we lived in the city.

31. His father began teaching 5 years ago.

32. She stopped writing to John in 2008.

33. The last time my uncle taught in this school was five years ago.

34. It's ages since I worked for an international bank. 

35. I haven't corresponded with John for a long time.

36. Linda hasn't talked to me for many years.

37. You started taking part in this English-speaking club last month.

38. We last saw Mary when we left the university.

39. You last helped me when you graduated from the college. 

40. This is the first time I have eaten this kind of food.