`1,` You ought not to have cheated in the exam.

- It was wrong of sb to do sth : Đó là sai lầm của ai khi làm việc gì

= shouldn't have Vpp = ought not to have Vpp : đã không nên làm gì

`2,` We were very shocked to hear that an earthquake had occured.

- be shocked to do sth : bị ngạc nhiên để làm gì đó

`3,` Steve is used to travelling by bus.

- don't mind + V-ing : không ngại làm gì

- be used to + V-ing : quen làm việc gì đó 

`4,` You have to buy skiing equipment if you want to take lessons. 

- It's necessary (for sb) to do sth : cần thiết (với ai) để làm gì

= have to + V-inf : phải làm việc gì đó

`5,` He doesn't need to pick up from the airport.

- It isn't necessary (for sb) to do sth : không cần thiết (với ai) để làm gì

= don't/doesn't need to + V-inf : không cần làm việc gì

`6,` Don't you remember sending her a letter last month?

- remember + V-ing : nhớ đã làm việc gì (trong quá khứ) 

`7,` Ted can't be older than me because he went to school with my younger brother.

- be sure : chắn chắn 

- can't + V-inf : không thể làm gì đó 

`8,` He expects we will visit him on Saturday.

- S + expect + (that) + S + will + V-inf + O : Ai đó mong chờ sẽ làm gì đó...