1. I haven't traveled to Paris this year.  

2. She hasn't visited her grandparents for two years.  

3. We have started this project since last month.  

4. He has finished reading the book.  

5. They haven't sold a new car this week.  

6. We haven't gone on a road trip for two months.  

7. He has received the award.  

8. They haven't played soccer since April.  

9. I haven't seen her at the party since two days ago.  

10. They haven't bought a new book this month.  

`**` Chuyển từ HTHT sang QKD

(1)

`->` S + began/started + to V/Ving + thời gian trong QK

`=` S + has/have + PII + for/since + khoảng thời gian/mốc thời gian

`=` It + is/has been + khoảng thời gian + since + mệnh đề quá khứ đơn 

(2)

`->` S + has/have not + PII + for/since + khoảng thời gian/mốc thời gian

`=` S + last + V-ed + thời gian trong quá khứ 

`=` The last time + S + V-ed + was + thời gian trong quá khứ

`=` It + is/has been + khoảng thời gian + since + S + (last) + V-ed 

(3)

`->` How long + has/have + S + PII?: hỏi về khoảng thời gian 

`=` When + did + S + V(inf)?: hỏi về mốc thời gian 

`=` How long is it + since + mệnh đề quá khứ đơn?: hỏi về khoảng thời gian 

(4)

`->` S + has/have + never/not + PII + before: không bao giờ làm việc gì trước kia 

`=` This/It is the first time + S + has/have + PII: lần đầu làm việc gì