Viết lại câu mệnh đề quan hệ rút gọn 1.The man who is standing there is a clown. 3. My grandmother, who is old and sick, never goes out of the house. 4. The student don't know how to do exercise which were given by the teacher yesterday. 5. The diagrams which were made by young Faraday were sent to Sir Humphry Davy at the end of 1812. 6. You are the last person who saw her alive 7. The pilot was the only one who survived the air crash. 8. All students who don't hand in their papers will fail in the exam. 9. I saw many houses that were destroyed by the storm. 10. He was the second man who was killed in this way. 11. Neil Armstrong was the first man who walked on the moon. 12. The system which is used here is very successful. 13.John, who teaches my son, is my neighbor. 14.He simply loves parties. He is always the first who comes and the last who goes 15. The Queen Elizabeth is the largest ship which has been built on the Clyde.

1.The man standing there is a clown.

3. My grandmother, old and sick, never goes out of the house.

4. The student don't know how to do exercise given by the teacher yesterday.

5. The diagrams made by young Faraday were sent to Sir Humphry Davy at the end of 1812.

6. You are the last person to see her alive

7. The pilot was the only one to survive the air crash.

8. All students not handing in their papers will fail in the exam.

9. I saw many houses destroyed by the storm.

10. He was the second man to be killed in this way.

11. Neil Armstrong was the first man walking on the moon.

12. The system used here is very successful.

13.John, teaching my son, is my neighbor.

14.He simply loves parties. He is always the first to come and the last to go

15. The Queen Elizabeth is the largest ship to be built on the Clyde.

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*Cách rút gọn mệnh đề quan hệ:

+) Rút gọn mệnh đề quan hệ bằng V-ing: Khi động từ trong mệnh đề quan hệ ở dạng chủ động, chúng ta có thể bỏ đại từ quan hệ, bỏ V to be (nếu có), và chuyển động từ thành V-ing. 

`-` VD câu 1: The man who is standing there is a clown.=>đây là câu chủ động

`→` bỏ đại từ quan hệ là who

`→` bỏ to be là is

`→` Đổi động từ thành dạng V-ing=>standing giữ nguyên

+) Rút gọn mệnh đề quan hệ bằng V-ed: trong trường hợp động từ của mệnh đề quan hệ ở dạng bị động, ta lược bỏ đại từ quan hệ, lược bỏ V to be và giữ nguyên động từ chính dạng PII

`-` VD:  I saw many houses that were destroyed by the storm.

`→` Bỏ đại từ quan hệ là that

`→` bỏ to be là were

`→` động từ giữ nguyên là destroyed

+) Rút gọn mệnh đề quan hệ bằng To+V:  khi đứng trước danh từ được bổ nghĩa có những từ chỉ số thứ tự the first,...hoặc so sánh nhất, các từ the only, the last,… ta bỏ đại từ quan hệ, động từ chuyển thành dạng To V

`-` VD: The pilot was the only one who survived the air crash.

`→` Bỏ đại từ quan hệ là who

`→` Động từ : survived đổi thành to survive

$\color{blue}{\text{#Wen_Hanz}}$