11.Have you sent the Christmas cards to your family?- The Christmas cards………………… 12.The committee appointed Alice secretary for the meeting.- Alice …………………….. 13.He hides the broken cup in the drawer.- The broken cup …………………………….. 14.They keep this room tidy all the time.- This room ……………………………. 15.They all voted the party a great success.- The party …………………………… 16.We gave Ann some bananas and some flowers.- Ann 17.They moved the fridge into the living room.- the fridge …………….. 18.She bought some cups of tea to the visitors in the next room.- some cups of tea …………….. 20.The secretary didn’t take the note to the manager.- The note …………………………… chuyển thành câu bị động nêu cấu trúc và dấu hiệu nhận biết nx ạ hứa vote 5* và ctlhn ạ

`11.` Have the Christmas cards been sent to your family (by you)?

`12.` Alice was appointed secretary for the meeting by the committee.

`13.` The broken cup is hidden in the drawer (by him).

`-` hide - hid - hidden: giấu, trốn, trộm cắp

`14.` This room is kept tidy all the time (by them).

`-` keep - kept - kept: giữ

`15.` The party was voted a great success.

`16.` Ann was given some bananas and some flowers. (by us)

`-` give - gave - given: cho

`17.` The fridge was moved into the living room (by them).

`18.` Some cups of tea were bought to the visitors in the next room (by her)

`-` buy - bought - bought: mua

`20.` The note wasn't taken to the manager (by the secretary).

`-` take - took - taken: đưa

_______________________

`-` Thì hiện tại đơn:

A`:` S + V(s/es)

`->` P`:` S + am/ is/ are + V(pp) + (by O).

`-` Thì quá khứ đơn

A`:`

$(+)$ S + Ved/ V2

$(-)$ S + didn't + Vinf

`->` P`:` 

$(+)$ S + was/ were + V(pp) + (by O).

$(-)$ S + was/ were + not + V(pp) + (by O).

`-` Thì hiện tại hoàn thành:

A`:`

$(+)$ S + have/ has + V(pp)

$(?)$ Have/ Has + S + V(pp)?

`->` P`:`

$(+)$ S + have/ has + been + V(pp) + (by O).

$(?)$ Have/ Has + S + been + V(pp) + (by O).