Read the text carefully, then do the tasks.

TOURISM TODAY

People travel all over the world and attend a lot of interesting places. The effect of travelling of large amount of people sometimes is incredible. Here are some examples of it.

Large number of people coming to one place once at a time can have less comfortable accommodation as it was in Scotland where only 40% of tourists were offered hotels.

Tourism is one of the principal contributions of pollution in the Mediterranean Sea and as the number of people increase, the problem worsen. Several laws and initiatives have been implemented in order to protect the Mediterranean Sea from further degradation. The rapid tourism development of Bali has had a great effect on its natural environment, affecting water resources, increasing pollution and localized flooding, as well as putting pressure on the island’s infrastructure.

In Cancun, Mexico, tourism has extensively damaged the lagoon, obliterated sand dunes, led to the extinction of varying species of animals and fish, and destroyed the rainforest which surrounds the island. It was only twenty years after it was developed, that the government of Mexico decided to limit projects along the coast to prevent further damage to the island’s environment.

In Trinidad and Tobago there are shortages of water due to the overpopulation of tourists on the island. The most damaging effect of tourism has been the destruction of coral reefs, as they are harvested for sale to tourists and destroyed by tourists stepping on them as they enter the water.

A.​Match the word with its definition.

1.​degradation

2.​infrastructure

3.​lagoon

4.​obliterate

5.​initiative

6.​implement

7.​harvest

8.​extinction

a.​make an idea, plan, or law start to be used

b.​collect plants, animals, or things that can be eaten or used

c.​a situation in which something stops existing

d.​a new plan for dealing with a particular problem

e.​the process of changing into a worse condition

f.​destroy completely

g.​an area of sea water separated from the sea by rocks or sand

h.​the basic systems and services, such as buildings, transport and power supplies

B.​Decide whether the following statements are true (T) of false (F).

1.​The effect of tourism is only positive.

2.​Mass tourism can cause housing shortages.

3.​Tourism is largely responsible for pollution of the Mediterranean Sea.

4.​Tourism promotes conservation of wildlife and natural resources such as rainforests.

5.​Bali’s rapid tourism development has had a negative impact on its natural environment.

6.​Tourism made little damage in Cancun because the government of Mexico put a limit on projects along the coast.

7.​Overpopulation of tourists leads to the lack of fresh water resources in Trinidad and Tobago.

8.​The destruction of coral reefs is mostly caused by tourists collecting coral for souvenirs.

C.​Answer the questions.

1.​What happens when large number of visitors come to one place once at a time?

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2.​Is pollution a serious problem in the Mediterranean Sea?

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3.​What are the negative impacts of tourism in Bali?

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4.​Why did the government of Mexico decide to limit projects along the coast of Cancun?

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5.​How does tourism affect coral reefs?

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A)

1. e

degradation (n) sự suy biến, sự thái hóa

--> Quá trình thay đổi thành tình trạng tồi tệ hơn 

2. h

infrastructure (n) cơ sở hạ tầng 

--> các hệ thống và dịch vụ cơ bản, như là tòa nhà, phương tiện giao thông và nguồn điện

3. g

lagoo (n) đầm phá

--> một vùng nước biển bị ngăn cách với biển bởi đá hoặc cát

4. f

obliterate (n) sự xóa,sự tẩy 

--> phá hủy hoàn toàn

5. d

initiative (n) sáng kiến 

--> một kế hoạch mới để giải quyết một vấn đề cụ thể

6. a

implement (n) thực hiện 

--> làm một ý tưởng, kế hoạch hoặc luật bắt đầu được sử dụng

7. b

harvest (n) thu hoạch 

--> thu thập thực vật, động vật hoặc những thứ có thể ăn hoặc sử dụng

8. c

extintion (n) tuyệt chủng 

--> ​tình huống mà một thứ gì đó ngừng tồn tại

B) 

1. F

D/C: The effect of travelling of large amount of people sometimes is incredible. 

2. T

D/C: Large number of people coming to one place once at a time can have less comfortable accommodation as it was in Scotland where only 40% of tourists were offered hotels.

3. T

D/C: Tourism is one of the principal contributions of pollution in the Mediterranean Sea and as the number of people increase, the problem worsen. 

4. F

D/C: In Cancun, Mexico, tourism has extensively damaged the lagoon, obliterated sand dunes, led to the extinction of varying species of animals and fish, and destroyed the rainforest which surrounds the island

5. T

D/C: The rapid tourism development of Bali has had a great effect on its natural environment, affecting water resources, increasing pollution and localized flooding, as well as putting pressure on the island’s infrastructure.

6. F

D/C: In Cancun, Mexico, tourism has extensively damaged the lagoon, obliterated sand dunes, led to the extinction of varying species of animals and fish, and destroyed the rainforest which surrounds the island. It was only twenty years after it was developed, that the government of Mexico decided to limit projects along the coast to prevent further damage to the island’s environment.

7. T

D/C: In Trinidad and Tobago there are shortages of water due to the overpopulation of tourists on the island. 

8. F

D/C: The most damaging effect of tourism has been the destruction of coral reefs, as they are harvested for sale to tourists and destroyed by tourists stepping on them as they enter the water.

C)

1. Large number of people coming to one place once at a time can have less comfortable  accommodation 

D/C: Large number of people coming to one place once at a time can have less comfortable accommodation as it was in Scotland where only 40% of tourists were offered hotels.

2. Yes, it is.

D/C: Tourism is one of the principal contributions of pollution in the Mediterranean Sea and as the number of people increase, the problem worsen. 

3. The rapid tourism development of Bali has had a great effect on its natural environment, affecting water resources, increasing pollution and localized flooding, as well as putting pressure on the island’s infrastructure.

D/C: The rapid tourism development of Bali has had a great effect on its natural environment, affecting water resources, increasing pollution and localized flooding, as well as putting pressure on the island’s infrastructure.

4. The government of Mexico decided to limit projects along the coast to prevent further damage to the island’s environment.

D/C:  It was only twenty years after it was developed, that the government of Mexico decided to limit projects along the coast to prevent further damage to the island’s environment.

5. The most damaging effect of tourism has been the destruction of coral reefs, as they are harvested for sale to tourists and destroyed by tourists stepping on them as they enter the water.

D/C: The most damaging effect of tourism has been the destruction of coral reefs, as they are harvested for sale to tourists and destroyed by tourists stepping on them as they enter the water.