Have you ever had a brilliant idea which you thought might change the world? Strangely enough, people who have (33) ………… with some of the most brilliant ideas never imagined the extent to which they would change the way we live. Most brilliant ideas seem to have emerged as a result of a scientist trying to (34) …………a problem, often totally unrelated to the use the idea is finally put to. In fact, invariably, great ideas and inventions are the (35) …………of many people’s work over many years or even centuries. For example the original idea for a computer was probably brought to light by a seventeenth-century philosopher, GW Leibniz, and people like Charles Babbage just added to his initial speculations. However, (36) ………… we often credit Babbage with being the inventor of the modern computer, his work would not have been possible without the developments in logic explored by people like Bertrand Russell and Ludwig Wittgenstein. In fact, today’s complex communication networks would not exist if it weren’t for the Quantum Theory, developed mainly by Niels Bohr, Erwin Schrõdinger, Max Planck and Werner Heisenberg. These men were working on purely theoretical physics because they liked the (37) ………… of finding answers to their (38) …………and they little realised that our world would not be able to operate today without their experiments and discoveries. For them, the (39) ………… of discovering these answers was reward enough. There have been many stories of frustration and (40) ………… amongst scientists working on the same ideas over the centuries but today, due to the massive amount of information available to all and sundry, it’s almost impossible to develop a new idea totally on one’s own. Guaranteed, if one scientist is working on a particular “new” concept, there are others on every continent (41) ………… much of each other’s work. On (42) ………… inspection, it’s almost impossible to say that a new idea is completely new, as someone has usually thought of it before. 33. A. turned up B. come up C. taken up D. gone up 34. A. decide B. determine C. resolve D. relieve 35. A. culmination B. cultivation C. implication D. interpretation 36. A. despite B. even so C. furthermore D. although 37. A. experiment B. challenge C. assessment D. evaluation 38. A. guesses B. possibilities C. opinions D. hypotheses 39. A. exhilaration B. indifference C. cheerfulness D. hysteria 40. A. friendlines B. bitterness C. fierceness D. moodiness 41. A. deciphering B. projecting C. duplicating D. donning 42. A. closer B.other C. more D. extra