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`6.` They work hard so that they can earn much money.

`-` S + V + so that + clause: để mà (chỉ mục đích)

`6.` They work hard so as to earn much money.

`-` S + V + so as to + V-inf: để mà (chỉ mục đích)

`7.` They didn't lock the shop carefully; therefore, someone took away the antique.

`-` S V ; therefore, S V: vì thế (chỉ kết quả) 

`8.` He didn't learn hard, so he couldn't pass the exam.

`-` so + mệnh đề kết quả: nên 

`8.` He couldn't pass the exam because of not learning hard.

`-` because of + N(phr)/V-ing: bởi vì 

`9.` Mrs Ha is angry because of being late for her class.

`-` because of + N(phr)/V-ing: bởi vì 

`9.` Mrs Ha is late for her class; therefore, she is angry.

`-` S V ; therefore, S V: vì thế (chỉ kết quả) 

`10.` Although the test was difficult, we did it well.

`-` although + mệnh đề tương phản: mặc dù 

`10.` In spite of the difficult test, we did it well.

`-` in spite of/ despite + N(phr)/V-ing: mặc dù