hoàn thành các PTPƯ theo sơ đồ chuyển hóa sau: 1. CaF2 => HF => F2 => CuF2 => HF => SiF4 2. Cl2 => CaOCl2 => CaCO3 => CO2 => HClO => NaClO 3. Cl2 => Br2 => HBro => NaBrO 4. HCl => CuCl2 => KCl => KOH => KClO3 => Cl2

Đáp án:

1/

 CaF2 + H2SO4đ $\buildrel{{t^o}}\over\longrightarrow$ CaSO4 + 2HF

2HF $\buildrel{{t^o}}\over\longrightarrow$ F2 + H2

F2 + Cu $\buildrel{{t^o}}\over\longrightarrow$ CuF2

CuF2 + 2HCl --> CuCl2 + 2HF

4HF +SiO2 --> SiF4 +2H2O

2/

Cl2 + Ca(OH)2 → CaOCl2 + H2O

2CaOCl2 + H2O + CO2→ CaCO3 + CaCl2 + 2HClO

CaCO3 +2HCl --> CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O

CO2 + H2O + NaClO --> NaHCO3 + HClO

HClO + NaOH --> H2O  + NaClO

3/ 

Cl2 + 2NaBr --> 2NaCl + Br2

Br + H2O ⇄ HBr + HBrO

HBrO + NaOH --> H2O + NaBrO

4/

2HCl + CuO --> CuCl2 + H2O

CuCl2 +2KOH -->Cu(OH)2 + 2KCl

2KCl + 2H2O $\buildrel{{đpdd,cmn}}\over\longrightarrow$ 2KOH +Cl2 +H2

6KOHđ  +3Cl2 $\buildrel{{t^o}}\over\longrightarrow$ KClO3 + 5KCl + 3H2O

2KClO3 $\buildrel{{t^o}}\over\longrightarrow$ 2KCl + 3O2

Giải thích các bước giải: