1. “Where is my umbrella?” she asked. ➔ She asked _________________________________________________________ . 2. “How are you?” Martin asked us. ➔ Martin asked us _____________________________________________________ . 3. He asked, “Do I have to do it?” ➔ He asked __________________________________________________________ . 4. “Where have you been?” the mother asked her daughter. ➔ The mother asked her daughter _________________________________________ . 5. “Which dress do you like best?” she asked her boyfriend. ➔ She asked her boyfriend ______________________________________________ . 6. “What are they doing?” she asked. ➔ She wanted to know _________________________________________________ . 7. “Are you going to the cinema?” he asked me. ➔ He wanted to know __________________________________________________ . 8. The teacher asked, “Who speaks English?” ➔ The teacher wanted to know ___________________________________________ . 9. “How do you know that?” she asked me. ➔ She asked me ______________________________________________________ . 10. “Has Caron talked to Kevin?” my friend asked me. ➔ My friend asked me ___________________________________

NOTE: Câu tường thuật: Với dạng câu hỏi yes/ no: S + asked (sb) + if/ whether + Mệnh đề lùi thì

Với dạng câu hỏi -WH: S + asked (sb) + WH + Mệnh đề lùi thì

Lưu ý: Ta không lùi thì: S + V(hiện tại) + sb + Mệnh đề không lùi thì

Không lùi thì khi: Động từ dẫn truyện được chia ở thì Hiện tại

Khi câu nói trực tiếp thể hiện một chân lý (sự thật hiển nhiên)

Ta không lùi thì ở câu tường thuật khi mệnh đề chứa nội dung tường thuật có một số động từ khuyết thiếu như: would, could, should, might

$-$ "Lùi thì" trong câu tường thuật:

Hiện tại đơn → QKĐ

HTTD → QKTD

HTHT → QKHT

HTHTTD → QKHTTD

TLĐ → TLĐ trong QK (will work ⇒ would work)

TLTD → TLTD trong QK (will be working ⇒ would be working)

TLHT → TLHT trong QK (will have worked ⇒ would have worked)

TLHTTD → TLHTTD trong QK (will have been working ⇒ would have been working)

QKĐ → QKHT

QKTD → QKHTTD

2 thì không đổi vì không thể lùi thì được nữa là thì QKHT và QKHTTD

$-$ Với các động từ khuyết thiếu:

Can ⇒ could

May ⇒ Might

Must ⇒ had to 

Could ⇒ could

Might ⇒ might

Will ⇒ would

Should ⇒ should

$-$ Đối với thời gian, nơi chốn:

Here ⇒ there

Now ⇒ Then

Today ⇒ that day

Two weeks ago ⇒ two weeks before/ the previous week

Yesterday ⇒The previous day/ the day before

$-$ Đối với trạng ngữ:

This ⇒ that

These ⇒ those

Here ⇒ there

Now ⇒ then

Ago ⇒ before (earlier)

Today ⇒ that day

Tonight ⇒ that night

Next + N ⇒ The following + N/ the + N + after

Last + N ⇒ The previous + N/ the + N + before

$1.$ She asked where her umbrella was.

→ Lùi thì câu tường thuật Hiện tại đơn ⇒ Quá khứ đơn

$2.$ Martin asked us how we were.

$3.$ He asked if he had to do it.

$4.$ The mother asked her daughter where she had been.

→ Thì hiện tại hoàn thành (has been) ⇒ Quá khứ hoàn thành (had been)

$5.$ She asked her boyfriend which dresses he liked best.

$6.$ She wanted to know what they were doing.

→ Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn (are doing) ⇒ Quá khứ tiếp diễn (were doing)

$7.$ He wanted to know if I was going to the cinema.

$8.$ The teacher wanted to know who spoke English.

$9.$ She asked me how I knew that.

$10.$ My friend asked me if Caron had talked to Kevin.