1. David had gone home before we arrived. => After……………………………………………………………………………………. 2. We had lunch then we took a look around the shops. => Before…………………………………………………………………………………… 3. The light had gone out before we got out of the office. => When……………………………………………………………………………………. 4. After she had explained everything clearly, we started our work. => By the time ……………………………………………………………………………. 5. My father had watered all the plants in the garden by the time my mother came home. => Before………………………………………………………………………………….

1. David had gone home before we arrived.

⇒ After David had gone home, we arrived.

Cấu trúc : After + Past perfect,past simple

Dịch:Sau khi David về nhà, chúng tôi đến nơi.

2. We had lunch then we took a look around the shops.

⇒ Before we took a look around the shops, we had had lunch

Cấu trúc:Before + past simple, Past perfect

Dịch:Trước khi đi dạo quanh các cửa hàng, chúng tôi đã ăn trưa

3. The light had gone out before we got out of the office.

⇒ When we got out of the office, the light had gone out

Cấu trúc:When+ past simple, Past perfect

Dịch:Khi chúng tôi ra khỏi văn phòng, đèn đã tắt

4. After she had explained everything clearly, we started our work.

⇒  By the time we started our work, she had explained everything clearly.

Cấu trúc:By the time+ past simple, Past perfect

Dịch:Vào thời điểm chúng tôi bắt đầu công việc của mình, cô ấy đã giải thích mọi thứ rõ ràng.

5. My father had watered all the plants in the garden by the time my mother came home.

⇒  Before my mother came home, my father had watered all the plants in the garden.

Cấu trúc:Before+ past simple, Past perfect

Dịch:Trước khi mẹ tôi về nhà, bố tôi đã tưới nước cho tất cả các cây trong vườn.

@Nocopy