1. Scientists have invented new devices to help people live a longer life. New devices ____________________________________________ 2. I don’t have enough time , so I can’t go on holiday this summer. If ____________________________________________ 3. The man had a broken leg. He tried to save his wife. In spite ____________________________________________ 4. I can’t tell you because I don’t know the answer. If ____________________________________________ 5. They will do the test well. They will review them all hard. If ____________________________________________ 6. The rescue workers evacuated the villagers in the raged flood to the safe place last night. The villagers ____________________________________________ 7. The students will provide aids for the homeless people tomorrow. Aids ____________________________________________ 8. The people will protect the environment now. The environment will be nice If ____________________________________________ 9. They don’t have a map, so they get lost If ____________________________________________ 10. The storm destroyed many houses in this village last week. Many houses ____________________________________________ 11. Did they give food to homeless people last year? Was ____________________________________________ 12. Although the weather was bad, the football match was not canceled. Despite ____________________________________________ 13. The people will protect the environment now. The environment will be nicer If ____________________________________________ 14. They don’t have a map, so they get lost. If ____________________________________________ 15. The storm destroyed many houses in this village last week. Many houses ____________________________________________ 16. Many rivers and lakes are poisoned. Factories produce waste and pour it into rivers and lakes. (because) ____________________________________________ 17. Plastic bags are a major source of waste. We should not throw plastic bags everywhere. (so) ____________________________________________ 18. We won’t hold the festival. It costs too much money. (if) ____________________________________________ 19. The tortoise was running. The hare was sleeping. (while) ____________________________________________ 20. The girl worked hard. Her stepmother wasn’t happy. (although) ____________________________________________

1. New devices have been invented by scientists to help people live a longer life.

2. If I had enough time, I could go on holiday this summer.

3. In spite of having a broken leg, the man tried to save his wife.

4. If I knew the answer, I could tell you.

5. If they review them all hard, they will do the test well.

6. The villagers were evacuated to a safe place by the rescue workers in the raging flood last night.

7. Aids for the homeless people will be provided by the students tomorrow.

8. If the people protect the environment now, the environment will be nice.

9. If they had a map, they wouldn’t get lost.

10. Many houses in this village were destroyed by the storm last week.

11. Was food given to homeless people by them last year?

12. Despite the bad weather, the football match was not canceled.

`->` Despite/In spite of + N(phr)/V-ing: mặc dù 

13. If the people protect the environment now, the environment will be nicer.

14. If they had a map, they wouldn’t get lost.

15. Many houses in this village were destroyed by the storm last week.

16. Many rivers and lakes are poisoned because factories produce waste and pour it into them.

17. Plastic bags are a major source of waste, so we should not throw them everywhere.

18. We won’t hold the festival if it costs too much money.

19. The tortoise was running while the hare was sleeping.

`->` QKTD while QKTD: hai hành động quá khứ tiếp diễn cùng lúc 

20. Although the girl worked hard, her stepmother wasn’t happy.

`->` Although + clause tương phản: mặc dù 

========================================

`@` Câu bị động 

Bị động thì hiện tại đơn: is/am/are + PII (by O)

Bị động thì hiện tại tiếp diễn: is/am/are + being + PII (by O)

Bị động thì hiện tại hoàn thành: has/have + been + PII (by O)

Bị động thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn: has/have + been being + PII (by O)

Bị động thì quá khứ đơn: was/were + PII (by O)

Bị động thì quá khứ tiếp diễn: was/were + being + PII (by O)

Bị động thì quá khứ hoàn thành: had + been + PII (by O)

Bị động thì quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn: had + been being + PII (by O)

Bị động thì tương lai đơn: will + be + PII (by O)

Bị động thì tương lai tiếp diễn: will + be + being + PII (by O)

Bị động thì tương lai hoàn thành: will + have + been + PII (by O)

Bị động thì tương lai hoàn thành tiếp diễn: will + have been being + PII (by O)

Bị động thì tương lai gần: is/am/are + going to + be + PII (by O)

Bị động động từ khuyết thiếu: ĐTKT + be + PII (by O)

Lưu ý: Tân ngữ by O chỉ chung chung, không xác định có thể được lược bỏ 

* Trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn + by O + trạng từ chỉ thời gian 

`@` Câu điều kiện 

`-` ĐKL1 : If + S + V(HTD), S + will/can/may ... + V-inf

`->` Diễn tả sự việc có thật ở hiện tại, trong tương lai 

`-` ĐKL2 : If + S + V(QKD), S + would/could/might ... + V-inf

`->` Diễn tả sự việc không có thật ở trong hiện tại 

`+` were: có thể chia với tất cả các ngôi trong mệnh đề điều kiện