Tính pH của các dung dịch sau: a) NaOH 0,001M b) HCl 0,001M c) Ca(OH)2 0,0005M d) H2SO4 0,0005M

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a)
$NaOH \to Na^+ + OH^-$
$[OH^-] = C_{M_{NaOH}} = 0,001M$

$\to [H^+] = \dfrac{10^{-14}}{0,001} = 10^{-11}M$

$\to pH = -log(10^{-11}) = 11$

b)

$HCl \to H^+ + Cl^-$
$[H^+] = C_{M_{HCl}} = 0,001M$

$\to pH = -log(0,001) = 3$

c)

$Ca(OH)_2 \to Ca^{2+} + 2OH^-$
$[OH^-] = 2C_{M_{Ca(OH)_2}} = 0,0005.2 = 10^{-3}M$
$\to [H^+] = \dfrac{10^{-14}}{10^{-3}} = 10^{-11}$

$\to pH = -log(10^{-11}) = 11$

d)

$H_2SO_4 \to 2H^+ + SO_4^{2-}$
$[H^+] = 2C_{M_{H_2SO_4}} = 0,0005.2 = 10^{-3}M$

$\to pH = -log(10^{-3}) = 3$